Subaru's X-MODE system addresses the specific challenges of Ontario winter driving through integrated control of the engine, transmission, all-wheel drive, and braking systems. Standard on the Forester, Outback, Crosstrek, and Ascent, X-MODE provides enhanced traction and control when road conditions deteriorate beyond what standard all-wheel drive systems can manage alone.
Understanding how X-MODE functions and when to activate it helps drivers navigate icy Highway 11, snow-covered cottage roads, and the unpredictable conditions that define winter driving in Simcoe County and across Ontario.
What X-MODE Does
X-MODE modifies vehicle behavior to optimize traction on low-grip surfaces. When activated, the system adjusts several vehicle parameters simultaneously:
Engine Output: Throttle response is modulated to reduce the likelihood of wheel spin when accelerating from a stop or maintaining momentum on slippery surfaces.
Transmission Control: The CVT adjusts its gear ratios to keep engine rpm in the optimal power band for low-speed traction. The transmission also allows more slip at the torque converter to prevent abrupt power delivery that could break traction.
All-Wheel Drive Distribution: The centre differential lockup engages more aggressively, sending power to both axles more evenly. The system also responds faster to wheel slip, redistributing torque before loss of traction becomes severe.
Brake Intervention: Individual wheel braking is applied more readily to transfer torque to wheels with better grip. This selective braking mimics the function of limited-slip differentials without the mechanical complexity.
These adjustments work together to maintain forward momentum and directional control when traction is compromised.
Hill Descent Control
X-MODE includes Hill Descent Control, which automatically manages vehicle speed when descending steep grades. The system maintains a constant speed through automatic brake application at each wheel, allowing the driver to focus on steering.
Hill Descent Control activates when:
- X-MODE is engaged
- Vehicle speed is below 20 km/h
- The vehicle is on a downward slope
The driver can override the system at any time by applying the accelerator or brake pedal. When conditions allow, releasing the brake pedal returns control to the Hill Descent system.
Standard vs. Dual-Function X-MODE
Subaru offers two versions of X-MODE: standard and dual-function. The version included depends on the vehicle model and trim level.
Standard X-MODE
The standard version provides a single mode optimized for general low-traction conditions: snow, gravel, wet pavement, or light mud. This version appears on:
- Crosstrek Convenience and Touring trims
- Forester Convenience and Touring trims
- Outback Touring trim
Dual-Function X-MODE
The dual-function version includes two selectable settings, each tuned for specific surface conditions:
Snow/Dirt Mode: Calibrated for surfaces with moderate traction reduction. The system allows controlled wheel slip to maintain momentum while preventing excessive spin. This setting suits:
- Packed snow on highways and secondary roads
- Gravel roads and parking lots
- Wet pavement with reduced grip
- Light slush conditions
Deep Snow/Mud Mode: Configured for surfaces where wheels may sink or struggle to find solid traction. The system permits greater wheel slip, allowing wheels to "dig" through soft layers to reach firmer ground beneath. This setting addresses:
- Deep, unpacked snow in parking lots or driveways
- Thick mud on cottage access roads
- Sandy conditions at beaches or campgrounds
- Heavy slush accumulation
Dual-function X-MODE is standard on:
- Crosstrek Onyx, Limited, and Wilderness trims
- Forester Sport, Limited, Premier, and Wilderness trims
- Outback Onyx and Wilderness trims
- All Ascent models
When to Activate X-MODE
X-MODE is designed for situations where traction is limited and driving conditions require enhanced control. Drivers should activate X-MODE when encountering:
Snowy Highways
Highway 11 between Orillia and Barrie, Highway 400 north of Barrie, and Highway 12 through the Kawartha Lakes region can accumulate snow quickly during winter storms. When highway surfaces transition from clear pavement to snow-covered lanes, X-MODE helps maintain stable acceleration and prevents wheel spin during passing maneuvers or when climbing grades.
For packed snow conditions, Snow/Dirt mode (on dual-function systems) provides appropriate intervention. If snow depth increases or the surface becomes inconsistent with patches of deep accumulation, switching to Deep Snow/Mud mode may improve traction.
Icy Intersections and Hills
Black ice at intersections and on bridge surfaces creates near-zero traction scenarios. X-MODE cannot create traction where none exists, but it can help prevent wheel spin when accelerating from stops and reduce the severity of traction loss during acceleration.
Icy hills—common on rural roads throughout Simcoe County—benefit from X-MODE's throttle modulation and torque distribution. The system helps maintain momentum without spinning the wheels, which would cause the vehicle to slide backward or lose directional control.
Cottage Road Access
Many cottage properties in Muskoka and the Kawarthas are accessed via unpaved roads that may not receive regular plowing. Deep snow accumulation, combined with uneven surfaces and inclines, creates challenging driving conditions.
Engaging Deep Snow/Mud mode before entering these roads allows X-MODE to manage wheel slip and power distribution for maximum traction. The system works particularly well when combined with proper winter tires, which provide the actual grip that X-MODE optimizes.
Parking Lot Navigation
Commercial parking lots in Orillia, Barrie, and surrounding areas often develop uneven snow coverage. Plowed areas create hard-packed snow banks and ridges that vehicles must cross to access parking spaces. Unplowed sections may contain deep, loose snow.
X-MODE helps navigate these transitions by managing power delivery as the vehicle moves from hard-packed surfaces to softer snow. The system prevents the vehicle from becoming stuck when crossing snow banks or entering unplowed sections.
Spring Mud Conditions
Ontario's spring thaw creates muddy conditions on unpaved roads, cottage driveways, and trail access points. While X-MODE is commonly associated with winter driving, Deep Snow/Mud mode addresses mud as effectively as snow.
The system allows wheels to slip enough to find traction without spinning excessively, which would dig the vehicle deeper into mud. This controlled slip helps maintain forward momentum through muddy sections.
How X-MODE Works with Symmetrical AWD
Subaru's Symmetrical Full-Time All-Wheel Drive operates continuously, sending power to all four wheels at all times. X-MODE enhances this baseline AWD capability rather than replacing it.
Without X-MODE, Symmetrical AWD distributes power front-to-rear based on traction demands, with a slight bias toward the front wheels during normal driving. When wheel slip is detected, the system transfers more torque to the wheels with better grip.
X-MODE makes this response more aggressive and anticipatory:
- The centre differential engages lockup more readily, forcing equal power delivery to front and rear axles
- Wheel slip thresholds are tightened, triggering torque redistribution sooner
- Brake-based torque vectoring activates more frequently to redirect power to individual wheels with grip
This enhanced coordination between AWD and X-MODE creates a system that responds to traction loss faster and more decisively than AWD alone.
X-MODE and Winter Tire Importance
X-MODE optimizes the traction available from the tires, but it cannot create traction that doesn't exist. Winter tires remain essential for safe Ontario winter driving.
Winter tires use rubber compounds that remain flexible in cold temperatures, maintaining grip on icy and snowy surfaces. The tread patterns are designed to bite into snow and evacuate slush from the contact patch.
All-season tires harden in cold temperatures and lose significant grip below 7°C. Even with X-MODE engaged, all-season tires provide inadequate traction on snow and ice.
For maximum effectiveness, X-MODE should be paired with:
- Four matching winter tires (not just two on the front or rear)
- Proper tire pressure adjusted for cold weather
- Adequate tread depth (minimum 4 mm for winter conditions, though 6 mm or greater is preferable)
Activating X-MODE
The method for activating X-MODE varies slightly by vehicle model and model year.
Touchscreen Control (Standard X-MODE)
On vehicles with standard X-MODE, the system is activated through the vehicle's touchscreen interface. Drivers navigate to the vehicle settings menu and select the X-MODE option. An indicator appears in the instrument cluster confirming activation.
Steering Wheel Control (Dual-Function X-MODE)
On newer models with dual-function X-MODE, a dedicated switch on the steering wheel allows drivers to activate and toggle between modes without removing hands from the wheel. This placement improves accessibility when approaching challenging terrain.
Speed Limitations
X-MODE automatically deactivates if vehicle speed exceeds 40 km/h (on some models) or 50 km/h (on others). This automatic deactivation prevents the system from interfering with normal highway driving.
If conditions warrant, drivers can re-engage X-MODE at any time. There is no limit to how many times the system can be activated and deactivated during a single drive.
What X-MODE Cannot Do
X-MODE enhances traction and control, but it has limitations that drivers must understand:
It Cannot Create Traction: If tire grip is insufficient, X-MODE cannot overcome physics. Drivers must still slow down appropriately for conditions and maintain safe following distances.
It Cannot Replace Driver Judgment: X-MODE is a tool, not an autopilot system. Drivers remain responsible for assessing road conditions and adjusting speed and following distance accordingly.
It Cannot Compensate for Inappropriate Tires: X-MODE with all-season tires on ice provides far less capability than AWD alone with proper winter tires. Tire choice remains the single most important factor in winter traction.
It Cannot Eliminate Stopping Distance Increases: X-MODE affects acceleration and handling, not braking effectiveness. Stopping distances on snow and ice remain significantly longer than on dry pavement regardless of X-MODE activation.
X-MODE Across the Subaru Lineup
Forester
All Forester trims include X-MODE as standard equipment. The Convenience and Touring trims feature standard X-MODE, while Sport, Limited, Premier, and Wilderness trims receive dual-function X-MODE.
The Forester's 220 mm ground clearance combines with X-MODE to create capability that exceeds most compact SUVs. The system pairs well with the Forester's responsive handling for navigating winter-affected roads.
Outback
The Outback includes X-MODE across all trims. The Touring trim features standard X-MODE, while Onyx and Wilderness trims include dual-function X-MODE.
The Outback's wagon-like proportions and 220 mm ground clearance (241 mm on Wilderness) make it well-suited for winter driving scenarios where cargo capacity and traction are both priorities.
Crosstrek
All Crosstrek models include X-MODE. The Convenience and Touring trims use standard X-MODE, while Onyx, Limited, and Wilderness trims feature dual-function X-MODE.
The Crosstrek's subcompact size and 220 mm ground clearance (235 mm on Wilderness) create a capable package for drivers who prioritize maneuverability in tight spaces alongside winter capability.
Ascent
The three-row Ascent includes dual-function X-MODE as standard equipment across all trims. The system addresses the unique challenges of winter driving with seven or eight passengers and cargo.
The Ascent's larger size and weight require more careful speed management in winter conditions, but X-MODE helps maintain control during acceleration and low-speed maneuvering.
Real-World Ontario Winter Scenarios
Scenario 1: Unplowed Side Street After Snowfall
You're leaving a residential area in Orillia after overnight snowfall. Side streets haven't been plowed, and there's approximately 15 cm of fresh snow covering the pavement.
Without X-MODE: Accelerating from a stop may cause front wheel spin, reducing acceleration and making it difficult to reach the main road. The vehicle may struggle to maintain momentum if you need to slow for stop signs or other vehicles.
With X-MODE (Snow/Dirt Mode): The system moderates throttle input and distributes power to prevent wheel spin. Acceleration is controlled, and the vehicle maintains momentum more easily. If you encounter deeper snow drifts crossing the roadway, the system helps power through without becoming stuck.
Scenario 2: Icy Highway 11 Northbound
You're driving from Orillia toward Gravenhurst on Highway 11. A recent period of freezing rain has created icy patches on the pavement, particularly on bridge surfaces and shaded sections.
Without X-MODE: Acceleration after slowing for other vehicles may cause momentary wheel spin, reducing forward progress and creating a brief loss of directional stability. Lane changes require extra caution to avoid traction loss.
With X-MODE (Snow/Dirt Mode): Power delivery is smoothed to reduce the chance of breaking traction during acceleration. The system helps maintain stability when accelerating or making necessary lane changes to pass slower traffic.
Scenario 3: Muddy Cottage Driveway in Spring
You're accessing a cottage property near Lake Simcoe in early April. Spring thaw has created thick mud on the unpaved driveway, and there's an uphill section to reach the property.
Without X-MODE: Wheels may spin in the mud, digging deeper ruts and potentially causing the vehicle to lose momentum before reaching the top of the incline. Recovery would require backing down and attempting the hill with more speed, or potentially requiring extraction assistance.
With X-MODE (Deep Snow/Mud Mode): The system allows controlled wheel slip to find traction beneath the mud surface while preventing excessive spinning. Power distribution keeps all four wheels contributing to forward movement. Hill Descent Control can also assist with controlled descent when leaving the property.
Scenario 4: Snow Bank Crossing in Parking Lot
You're parking at a shopping centre in Barrie. Snow plows have created hard-packed snow banks between lanes, and you need to cross one to reach an available parking space.
Without X-MODE: The front wheels may climb the snow bank but lose traction at the crest, causing the vehicle to stop with the front wheels elevated and the rear wheels on the lower surface. Backing down and attempting with more speed may be necessary.
With X-MODE (Snow/Dirt Mode): The system maintains power to all four wheels as the vehicle crosses the bank. When the front wheels crest and temporarily lose contact with the ground, the rear wheels continue receiving power to push the vehicle forward. Torque distribution adjusts as weight transfers, maintaining forward progress.
Fuel Consumption Considerations
X-MODE increases fuel consumption slightly compared to normal driving. The system's aggressive throttle modulation, increased AWD engagement, and brake interventions all require additional energy.
The fuel economy impact is modest—typically noticeable only on extended drives with X-MODE continuously engaged. For short-duration use in challenging conditions, the fuel consumption increase is negligible.
Drivers should deactivate X-MODE when road conditions improve to return to normal fuel economy and allow the AWD system to operate in its standard efficiency-optimized mode.
X-MODE Maintenance Requirements
X-MODE does not require specific maintenance beyond standard vehicle care. The system uses existing components—engine, transmission, AWD, and brakes—without adding separate mechanical parts that need servicing.
Maintaining these underlying systems ensures X-MODE functions properly:
- Regular transmission fluid changes according to Subaru's maintenance schedule
- Brake inspections to ensure proper pad thickness and fluid condition
- Tire rotations to maintain even wear and consistent traction
- AWD system inspections during routine service
Learn More at Subaru of Orillia
X-MODE transforms Subaru's all-wheel drive capability into a system specifically designed for the winter conditions that define Ontario driving. Our team at Subaru of Orillia in Orillia can demonstrate X-MODE operation and answer questions about how the system addresses your specific driving scenarios.
